Какие заболевания освобождают от мобилизации в Украине?

In Ukrainian legislation regarding mobilization (specifically governed by the Law of Ukraine "On Mobilization Preparation and Mobilization" and Order No. 402 of the Ministry of Defense of Ukraine), temporary or permanent exemption from military service during mobilization is granted based on the conclusions of the Military Medical Board (ВЛК - Військово-лікарська комісія).

Individuals are recognized as unfit for military service with removal from military registration (fully exempt) in cases of severe, progressive, or chronic medical conditions.

Key Categories of Exempting Conditions

• Severe Oncological Diseases: Active malignant tumors with metastases or inoperable forms, as well as blood cancers (leukemia, lymphoma) in severe stages.

• Severe Cardiovascular Conditions: Heart failure (stage II-B or III), severe hypertension (stage III), post-infarction conditions with severe circulatory failure, and major vascular aneurysms.

• Advanced Neurological & Psychiatric Disorders: Severe mental disorders (dementia, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder with frequent relapses), severe stroke sequelae, epilepsy with frequent seizures or marked cognitive decline.

• Chronic Infectious Diseases: HIV infection at stage IV, active tuberculosis with lung tissue destruction and bacterial excretion, severe viral hepatitis with liver cirrhosis.

• Severe Musculoskeletal System Disorders: Significant joint deformities, bilateral amputations, severe spinal deformities with significant function impairment, absence of limbs.

• Severe Gastrointestinal & Renal Diseases: Liver cirrhosis with portal hypertension, end-stage chronic kidney disease requiring hemodialysis.

• Sensory Impairments: Complete blindness, severe bilateral hearing loss (deaf-mutism), significant visual acuity loss not correctable by optics.

Important Distinctions

1. Unfit for Military Service (Removed from Register): Complete exemption from military obligations during both peacetime and wartime.

2. Temporarily Unfit: Granted for a period (typically 6–12 months) for treatment or rehabilitation (e.g., post-surgery, acute illness, complex fractures). Re-examination by the VKL is required after treatment.

3. Fit for Specific Service: Individuals with minor or moderate health impairments may be deemed fit to serve in support units, logistics, military education institutions, or territorial recruitment centers (TRCs), rather than combat roles.