What removes plaque from your arteries?

How Plaque Is Removed from Arteries

When arteries become clogged with plaque—a condition known as atherosclerosis—it can restrict blood flow and increase the risk of serious cardiovascular events. One effective way to address this blockage is through a procedure called atherectomy.

Unlike traditional surgery, atherectomy is a minimally invasive technique that doesn’t require large incisions. Instead, a doctor inserts a thin, flexible tube called a catheter into the affected artery, usually through the groin or arm. At the tip of the catheter is a specialized tool—such as a sharp blade, laser, or rotating device—designed to target the plaque directly.

Depending on the type of atherectomy, the device may scrape away the buildup, break it into tiny pieces, or vaporize it using laser energy. These fragmented particles are either removed from the body or absorbed naturally by the bloodstream. Once the blockage is cleared, blood flow improves significantly, reducing symptoms like pain or numbness and lowering the risk of complications.

Because it’s less invasive than open surgery, recovery from atherectomy is typically faster, with shorter hospital stays and fewer complications. It’s often used to treat peripheral artery disease (PAD), especially in the legs, but can also be applied in certain coronary cases.

While lifestyle changes like healthy eating, exercise, and quitting smoking are essential for preventing plaque buildup, procedures like atherectomy offer a direct solution when blockages become severe. Always consult a vascular specialist to determine the best approach based on your individual condition.