What removes plaque out of your arteries?

How Plaque in Arteries Is Removed

Over time, fatty deposits known as plaque can build up in your arteries, leading to a condition called atherosclerosis. If left untreated, this buildup can restrict blood flow and increase the risk of heart attack or stroke. One effective way to address this is through a minimally invasive procedure called atherectomy.

Unlike traditional surgery, atherectomy doesn’t require large incisions. Instead, doctors use a thin, flexible tube called a catheter, which is threaded through a blood vessel—often in the groin or arm—to reach the blocked artery. At the tip of the catheter is a specialized tool, which could be a sharp blade, a laser, or a rotating device designed to break up or remove plaque.

The procedure works by physically scraping, dissolving, or vaporizing the plaque, clearing the artery and restoring proper blood flow. Because it’s less invasive than open surgery, recovery times are typically shorter, with fewer complications. Atherectomy is often recommended for patients with peripheral artery disease or blockages that are difficult to treat with stents alone.

Still, atherectomy isn’t a cure-all. It’s most effective when combined with long-term lifestyle changes—like a heart-healthy diet, regular exercise, and quitting smoking—to prevent new plaque from forming. Medications such as statins may also be prescribed to manage cholesterol and stabilize plaque.

While atherectomy offers a powerful tool in fighting arterial disease, prevention remains key. Regular check-ups, monitoring blood pressure and cholesterol, and addressing risk factors early can go a long way in keeping your arteries clear and your heart healthy.