What will an urologist do for elevated PSA?

What Happens When PSA Levels Are Elevated?

Discovering you have elevated PSA (prostate-specific antigen) levels can be concerning, but it’s important to remember that it doesn’t automatically mean cancer. PSA is a protein produced by the prostate gland, and while higher levels can signal a problem, they can also result from non-cancerous conditions like an enlarged prostate or inflammation.

If both your PSA test and digital rectal exam (DRE) come back abnormal, your urologist will likely recommend the next step: a biopsy. This procedure allows the doctor to collect small tissue samples from specific areas of the prostate. These samples are then examined under a microscope to check for cancerous cells.

The biopsy is usually done using ultrasound guidance, and though the idea might sound intimidating, most men tolerate it well. It’s a crucial tool in determining whether cancer is present and, if so, how aggressive it might be. Thanks to advances in technique, including targeted biopsies based on MRI imaging, urologists can now sample more precisely, improving diagnostic accuracy.

It’s also worth noting that not every elevated PSA leads to a biopsy. Your doctor will consider your age, overall health, how high the PSA is, and how quickly it’s rising over time. Some men may simply need closer monitoring through repeat testing.

The key is open communication with your urologist. Understanding your results, the risks, and the benefits of further testing helps you make informed decisions about your health—without unnecessary anxiety.